Built between 1960–1970 and inaugurated in 1971, the Aswan High Dam spans about 3.8 km (≈2.4 miles) across the Nile and rises to roughly 111 m (364 ft). It created Lake Nasser—one of the world’s largest man-made lakes—stretching ~500 km south into Sudan.
Why it matters. The dam tamed the Nile’s annual floods, guaranteed year-round irrigation, and stores water for drought years. Its hydroelectric plant (≈2.1 GW installed capacity) helped electrify homes and industries across Egypt.
Lake Nasser & water management. The reservoir secures multi-year water reserves, supports navigation, and supplies new agricultural projects. Fishery activity on the lake also became an important local livelihood.
Cultural impact & preservation. Construction required the relocation of tens of thousands of Nubian residents and the UNESCO-led rescue of major monuments—most famously Abu Simbel and Philae—moved stone-by-stone to higher ground.
Environmental notes. Trapped silt reduced natural fertilization downstream and contributed to Delta shoreline changes, while improved flood control and reliable water flows benefited farming and river transport.
Visiting tips. Travelers can view the dam from designated lookouts near the spillway and the Lotus-shaped Friendship Monument. Expect security checks; photography is usually fine from public viewpoints. Popular pairings include Philae Temple and the Unfinished Obelisk for a full Aswan day
